What is the purpose of a CNC machine's rotary axis?

The purpose of a CNC machine's rotary axis is to enable circular and complex contour movements in machining operations. This capability allows CNC machines to not only perform linear movements along the X, Y, and Z axes but also to rotate around additional axes. Such rotational capabilities are crucial for tasks that require intricate shapes, curves, or features that cannot be easily achieved through linear movement alone. By incorporating a rotary axis, machinists can effectively create parts with complex geometries, such as those found in cylindrical components or multi-faceted designs.

This added functionality enhances the versatility of CNC machines, making them suitable for a wider range of applications and improving efficiency by reducing the number of setups required to achieve complicated cuts. When a CNC machine can perform both linear and rotary motions simultaneously, it can create more sophisticated and precise parts while minimizing production time.